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Bollinger Band
Tactics
Bollinger Bands draw their power through two important
characteristics. First, they exhibit an underlying trend-range
axis just like price or moving averages. Second, they constrict
or expand as they move. The interaction between these two forces
draws unique patterns as bars unwind through its boundaries.
Candlesticks work especially well with bands. For example, a
Doji that strikes through a constricting band effectively
signals a short-term reversal.
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BBs bend and twist in response to price movement. These
undulations predict how far trends should stretch before central
tendency forces them back toward a central axis. Complex
relationships develop between price-band direction and
price-band constriction. For example, a trend tends to pause
when constricting bands oppose it. It takes great skill to
predict the bands' ultimate impact on price but is well worth
the effort. More than any other tool, BBs pinpoint hidden swings
and telegraph whether the profit door lies open or closed. |
| Bands may swing through relative highs or lows and then pull
back into proportional retracement to start another trend
thrust. Or they can enter extended ranges that meander back and
forth without direction. Movement frequently stops dead in its
tracks when price rises into a falling band or drops into a
rising one. Sideways bands can appear in both rangebound and
trending markets. Price often fails to reach new high or low
territory until bands expand to clear the path. In many ways,
Bollinger Bands predict time better than they predict price.
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| Buy Signal: The top
Bollinger Band rises toward a test of the intraday high
as Worldcom drops. This sharp divergence signals the
eventual breakout after price finally reverses off of
the bottom band. Watch band slope closely when bars
return to test important highs or lows. It often reveals
the time and force needed to push price through a S/R
barrier. |
The skilled eye watches constricted bands in real-time to
estimate the buying or selling force required to push them out
of the way. They work extremely well during the second test of
an important high or low. When markets finally break out,
expanding bars often shoot into the band's edge where congestion
forms a flag until the BB allows further movement. Bands
constrict tightly around narrowing price in sideways markets.
Apply NR7 methodology here to anticipate an impending positive
feedback event.
Bollinger Bands signal early warning of trend change. Sharp
price movement forces bands to expand outward. When these active
markets finally turn sideways, the bands slowly tighten and roll
toward price. Time passes and the BB door closes on rapid
vertical movement. Experience enables the swing trader to
quickly estimate the time required before bands will tighten and
plan accordingly.
Strong buying or selling may push price well outside a band. A
tall bar can even print completely through the barrier in
extreme conditions. General tactics suggest that violent
reversals often follow these major band violations. But trading
against these events carries risk since markets can print a
short series of these volatile bars before the reversal takes
place. Also note that this price action rarely occurs during
intraday markets, except at the open.
Reduce risk by dropping down to the next lower time frame and
waiting for a reversal there before executing a countertrend
position. Odds also improve if the thrusting bars run into other
forms of S/R that allow cross-verification for the entry level.
Stay defensive during the trade. Once price returns within the
band's limits, the underlying trend can reappear quickly unless
the pullback generates other reversal signals. Look for Dark
Cloud Cover or a similar candle pattern that fills any gap
created by the bar outside the band. This complex setup can
produce windfall profits if managed properly.
Swing traders work the quiet middle ground of Bollinger Bands
for consistent profits. Build strategies that enter countertrend
positions at one band and exit at the other. These swing setups
face far less whipsaws than breakout entries at band extremes.
Keep in mind that the center band presents a natural profit
obstacle that needs special consideration when calculating
reward: risk. Make sure a safe exit near this center point still
produces a decent profit for the trade.
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| Multiple
Support-Resistance: A broad range sets up profitable
swing conditions for KLA-Tencor. This 13-bar Bollinger
Band combines with simple horizontal S/R to uncover
natural reversal zones at band extremes. Enter a
countertrend position when the prior bar prints a
candlestick reversal outside the band line. Wait for a
break of the center band if no clear signal arises. Exit
if price does not expand quickly in the other direction
or if the signal fails and the candle shadow gets taken
out. Watch S/R closely for positive feedback that will
eventually carry price out of the sideways market.
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Use multi time frame Bollinger Bands to avoid expensive trend
relativity errors. Look at the same market through 3 different
time frames. This corresponds to one above and one below the
chart that aligns with the holding period. Each setting produces
a different range of band extremes and relative price location
within the indicators. Match reward: risk to the central time
frame but observe all intervening S/R on the other charts.
Consider whether the holding period allows enough time to mount
barriers and reach targets at other band levels.
Keep in mind that all bands change dynamically in response to
price. This allows continuous feedback that shifts target values
with each bar. Experience with this powerful indicator helps
swing traders anticipate how it will move. The longer that price
travels sideways, the tighter the bands become. Trend change for
the bands themselves first begins with a turn by the band
closest to the prior price trend. For example, when an uptrend
prints along a top band, expect this side of the indicator to
turn down before its twin when price moves into a range or
downtrend.
Combine Bollinger Band study with momentum-based indicators.
This helps filter directional movement from rangebound markets
and improves trade timing. Add MA Ribbons to price and display
the MACD Histogram across the lower pane. Price often remains
well within band constriction during the early phases of new
positive feedback events. As these indicators show rising
momentum, shift attention to natural pattern/band breakout
levels and look for entry within narrowing bars.
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